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The battle for the AI stack: Nvidia versus Huawei, with Europe watching from the sidelines

Published

22 July 2026

Topic

market

Sectors

AI InfrastructureSemiconductors

Geography

United StatesChinaEurope

Source

Read at bruegel.org

Verified

Fusion42 · 22 July 2026 · Fusion42 review

The US-China AI competition now extends across the full stack—chips and software—with Nvidia and Huawei as the two contenders. Huawei's open-sourced CANN toolkit and torch_npu plugin are directly challenging Nvidia's CUDA lock-in, whilst Europe remains a component supplier without a competing accelerator or software ecosystem.

This Wire brief sits within Fusion42's coverage of AI Infrastructure and Semiconductors. Wire is Fusion42's founder-focused intelligence feed: each story is connected to the funds and startups it names — every one with a live profile on Raise or Scout — so founders can follow the capital and the momentum behind the headline rather than just the headline itself. Wire analysis is one of the live surfaces Arthur reasons over.

The Wire takeaway

If you're building AI infrastructure or tools outside the US, CUDA's ten-year moat just cracked: Huawei's torch_npu plugin lets PyTorch run on Ascend chips without rewriting code, and DeepSeek proved the models work on both stacks. Your switching cost—the thing that kept you locked in—is gone.

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Topics

AI Infrastructure · Semiconductors · ai-chips · cuda-alternative · huawei-ascend · software-lock-in · export-controls · developer-ecosystem